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religious worship

  • 1 sacer

    săcer, sā̆cra, sā̆crum (ante-class. collat. form sacer, sacris, sacre; plur.:

    sacres porci,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 16; id. Rud. 4, 6, 4; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 20; 4, 16; sing. acc.: sacrem porcum, Fest. s. h. v. p. 318 Müll.), adj. [root sa-; Gr. saos, sôos, safe; whence Lat. sānus], dedicated or consecrated to a divinity, holy, sacred, = hieros (cf.: sanctus, augustus): Gallus Aelius ait, sacrum esse quocumque modo atque instituto civitatis consecratum sit, sive aedis, sive ara, sive signum, sive locus, sive pecunia, sive quid aliud quod dis dedicatum atque consecratum sit, Fest. s. v. sacer mons, p. 318 Müll.; cf.:

    quicquid destinatum est diis, sacrum vocatur,

    Macr. S. 3, 7:

    sacrae (res) sunt quae diis superis consecratae sunt: religiosae quae diis manibus relictae sunt,

    Gai. Inst. 2, 3.
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    quicquam (opp. profanum),

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27; id. Trin. 2, 2, 8; cf.:

    aedificiis omnibus, publicis privatis sacris profanis, sic pepercit, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54, § 129; so,

    locus sacer et profanus,

    id. Inv. 1, 26, 38; Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7; Quint. 5, 10, 38:

    miscebis sacra profanis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 54; id. A. P. 397; Nep. Them. 6, 5; Sall. C. 11, 6:

    villae signis et tabulis refertae partim publicis partim etiam sacris et religiosis,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31; so (with religiosus) id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; Suet. Tib. 61:

    mores autem rapere properant quā sacrum quā puplicum,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 37:

    (legum) genera sunt tria, sacri, publici, privati juris,

    Quint. 2, 4, 33; cf. in the sup.:

    deprecor hoc unum per jura sacerrima lecti,

    Ov. H. 9, 159:

    aedes,

    Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Fam. 13, 11, 1; Quint. 4, 2, 8; Ov. M. 14, 315:

    lucus late sacer,

    Verg. A. 5, 761:

    arvum Martis,

    Ov. M. 7, 101:

    ara,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 20:

    aurum,

    Liv. 5, 50; cf.

    pecunia (opp. privata),

    Quint. 4, 2, 8:

    arma,

    Liv. 24, 21:

    tus,

    Ov. M. 14, 130:

    sanguis (of the sacrificial victim),

    Cat. 68, 75:

    ales (so called from its use in augury),

    Verg. A. 11, 721:

    luces (with profestae),

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 25; cf.

    dies (with religiosus),

    Suet. Tib. 61:

    tempus,

    Hor. C. S. 4:

    commissum,

    a crime against religion, Cic. Leg. 2, 9 et saep.— Poet.: vitis (as sacred to Bacchus), Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P. (Trag. v. 149 Vahl.); Hor. C. 1, 18, 1; so,

    laurus,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 18; Verg. A. 7, 60:

    robur,

    Ov. M. 8, 752:

    aqua,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 22:

    fontes,

    Ov. M. 2, 464; Verg. E. 1, 53:

    focus,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 43:

    Tarentum,

    id. C. 1, 28, 29:

    fines,

    Sil. 3, 501; cf.

    montes (the Alps, because not to be ascended by men),

    id. 4, 70;

    vates (because dedicated to Apollo),

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 28; Tib. 2, 5, 113; cf.:

    sacer interpresque deorum Orpheus,

    Hor. A. P. 391;

    and (for sanctus) of the divinity itself: Vesta,

    Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 11; so,

    Cybebe,

    id. 3 (4), 22, 3 (but in Liv. 3, 19: ut sacrosancti habeantur, quibus ipsi dii neque sacri neque sancti sunt, so used only on account of the lusus verbb. with sacrosancti;

    v. the context).—Sacer Mons,

    a hill about three miles from Rome, beyond the Anio, and on the right of the Via Nomentana, to which the Roman people retired during their controversy with the Senate, Liv. 2, 32; 3, 52; Cic. Rep. 2, 37, 63; id. Brut. 14, 54:

    os sacrum, quod imum ventrem sustinet,

    Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4: Sacra Via, or ( poet.) Sacer Clivus, a street in Rome leading from the Forum to the Capitol, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; id. Att. 4, 3, 3; Hor. S. 1, 9, 1; id. C. 4, 2, 35; Mart. 1, 70, 5;

    v. also via, I. A. 2.: sacer morbus,

    the epilepsy, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4:

    sacer lapis,

    a stone landmark, a mere-stone, Liv. 41, 13: os sacrum, anatom. t. t., = Gr. hieron osteon, the lowest bone of the spine, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 24:

    litterae sacrae (eccl. Lat.),

    the Scriptures, Vulg. 2 Tim. 3, 15.—For its combinations with ignis, via, etc., v. those words.—
    (β).
    With gen. (class.):

    ego te sacram coronam surripuisse scio Jovis,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 38; so,

    urna Veneris,

    id. Rud. 2, 5, 16 (for which:

    urna Veneria,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 18):

    Dianae celebris dies,

    Hor. C. 2, 12, 20:

    sepulcrum Batti veteris,

    Cat. 7, 6; cf. Plin. 8, 21, 31, § 76.—As a predicate: terra, ut focus domiciliorum, sacra deorum omnium est (a transl. of the Platon. Gê hiera pantôn theôn), Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45:

    illa insula (sc. Delos) eorum deorum sacra putatur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 48.—
    (γ).
    With dat. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.

    infra, II. A.): sacra Jovi quercus,

    Ov. M. 7, 623:

    esculus Jovi sacra,

    Plin. 16, 4, 5, § 11:

    Nymphis cervus,

    Ov. M. 10, 109:

    Cereri Polyphoetes (as a priest),

    Verg. A. 6, 484:

    pugionem templo Salutis detraxerat gestabatque velut magno operi sacrum,

    Tac. A. 15, 53:

    cupressus Diti sacra,

    Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139:

    aesculus Jovi,

    id. 16, 4, 5, § 11.—As a predicate:

    Jani mensis, Qui sacer est imis Manibus,

    Ov. F. 2, 52, quercus antiqua, quae erat Marti sacra, Suet. Vesp. 5 (al. sacrata).—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., holy, sacred, awful, venerable (not till after the Aug. per., and very rare):

    silentium,

    Hor. C. 2, 13, 29:

    laedere amantes,

    Prop. 3, 16 (4, 15), 11:

    lingua (Ciceronis),

    Mart. 5, 69, 7:

    Maro,

    id. 8. 56, 3:

    quaedam patris memoria,

    Quint. 11, 1, 59:

    O sacer et magnus vatum labor,

    Luc. 9, 983:

    heu sacri vatum errores,

    Sil. 8, 100.—So used of the emperors;

    disapproved of by Tiberius: (Tiberius) alium dicentem sacras ejus occupationes verba mutare et pro sacris laboriosas dicere coëgit,

    Suet. Tib. 27.—But soon after Tiberius in general use:

    auris Caesaris,

    Mart. 7, 99, 4:

    sacri lateris custos,

    id. 6, 76, 1:

    apud aures sacras mentitus est,

    Amm. 28, 6, 26 (cf.:

    se Imperatori mentitum,

    id. 28, 6, 26, § 21); and hence, for ecclesiastical: domus, comitatus, scrinia, largitiones, etc., in the law books et saep.
    II.
    In partic., with a bad accessory signif., devoted to a divinity for destruction, forfeited; and absol., accursed, criminal, impious, wicked.
    (α).
    With dat.: si quisquam aliuta faxit, ipsos Jovi sacer esto, Lex Numae ap. Fest. p. 6 Müll.; cf.: ut caput ejus Jovi sacrum esset, an ancient plebiscitum ap. Liv. 3, 55, 7:

    non alienum videtur, de condicione eorum hominum referre, quos leges sacros esse certis diis jubent, quod, cum cetera sacra violari nefas sit, hominem sacrum jus fuerit occidi, etc.,

    Macr. S. 3, 7.—
    (β).
    Absol.: homo sacer is est, quem populus judicavit ob maleficium; neque fas est eum immolari; sed qui occidit, parricidii non damnatur. Nam lege tribuniciā primā cavetur: si quis eum, qui eo plebei scito sacer sit, occiderit, parricida ne sit. Ex quo quivis homo malus atque improbus sacer appellari solet, Fest. s. v. sacer mons, p. 318 Müll.: PATRONVS SI CLIENTI FRAVDEM FECERIT SACER ESTO, LEX XII. Tab. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 609;

    in imitation: uter aedilis fuerit, etc.... is intestabilis et sacer esto,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 181:

    eum, qui cuiquam nocuerit, sacrum sanciri,

    Liv. 3, 55.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen., accursed, execrable, detestable, horrible, infamous, etc. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    a.
    Of persons:

    ego sum malus, Ego sum sacer, scelestus,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 14; Afran. ap. Non. 397, 22 (with malus); Lucil. ib. 397, 27.— Sup., Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 67:

    homo sacerrimus,

    id. Poen. prol. 90; id. Rud. 1, 2, 69; Turp. ap. Non. 397, 29 (with pessimus). —
    b.
    Of things: sacerrimum domicilium, Turp. ap. Non. 397, 30:

    di magni, horribilem et sacrum libellum,

    Cat. 14, 12:

    hircus alarum,

    id. 71, 1:

    auri fames,

    Verg. A. 3, 57 (for which:

    aurum fame,

    Plin. 33, 1, 3, § 6:

    venenum (Medeae),

    Val. Fl. 7, 165:

    nox,

    id. 8, 25:

    arma metu,

    id. 4, 185; cf.

    pavor,

    id. 1, 798:

    insania,

    Stat. Th. 10, 804:

    morbus,

    i. e. epilepsy, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4.—With dat.:

    ut immerentis fluxit in terram Remi Sacer nepotibus cruor,

    Hor. Epod. 7, 20.— Comp. and adv. do not appear (as for the comp. v. Varr. L. L. 8, § 77 Müll.).—Hence, subst.: sā̆crum, i, n., something consecrated; a holy or sacred thing, a sacred vessel or utensil; a sanctuary, a temple; a religious act, a sacrifice, etc.; in plur. in gen., sacred rites, religious worship, religion (both of the State and of single races and families; and even of individuals; v. infra, b; class.; most freq. in plur.).
    A.
    Lit.
    (α).
    Sing.:

    sacrum sacrove commendatum qui cleperit rapsitque parricida esto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:

    ubi sacro manus sis admolitus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 24:

    omne sacrum rapiente dextrā,

    Hor. C. 3, 3, 52:

    metuens velut contingere sacrum,

    id. S. 2, 3, 110:

    apud Cluacinae sacrum,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 10; Quint. 1, 4, 6:

    Minervae,

    Dict. Cret. 5, 12 fin.:

    theatrum veluti quoddam illius sacri templum vocabimus,

    Quint. 3, 8, 29: [p. 1611] quae (sacerdos Cereris) Graecum illud sacrum monstraret et faceret, Cic. Balb. 24, 55:

    sacrum Herculi facere,

    Liv. 1, 7:

    facere Junoni,

    Prop. 4 (5), 9, 43:

    facto per Magos sacro,

    Suet. Ner. 34:

    sollemne sacrum conficere,

    Flor. 1, 13, 16:

    ita se habet sacrum (Suovetaurilia),

    Quint. 1, 5, 67:

    arma lecta conici in acervum jussit consul sacrumque id Vulcano cremavit,

    Liv. 41, 12:

    sacrum piaculare fieri,

    id. 29, 19:

    sollemne Apollinis sacrum,

    Suet. Aug. 94; Ov. M. 12, 33:

    pyrā sacri sub imagine factā,

    id. ib. 14, 80:

    nec de lucernā fas est accendi sacrum,

    Phaedr. 4, 11, 13:

    neve initianto, nisi ut assolet, Cereri, Graeco sacro,

    according to the Grecian rites, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21; cf.:

    vetabo, qui Cereris sacrum Vulgarit arcanae,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 26:

    morientibus operire (oculos) rursusque in rogo patefacere, Quiritium ritu sacrum est,

    Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150:

    in sacro est,

    id. 18, 12, 30, § 118.—
    (β).
    Plur.: sacra deosque penates.. ex aedibus suis eripuisse dixit, sacred vessels or utensils, holy things, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 13; cf. Liv. 5, 40:

    sacra omnia proferre, Auct. B. Alex. 32, 3: portabant canistris,

    Ov. M. 2, 713:

    Troïa,

    Tib. 2, 5, 40:

    velut qui Junonis sacra ferret,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 11; cf.

    of the same,

    Verg. A. 2, 293; 2, 717 Heyne; Ov. F. 1, 527; id. H. 7, 80; 7, 158:

    cumque suis penetralia sacris,

    i. e. the images of the gods, Penates, id. M. 1, 287:

    jactata aequoribus sacra,

    Hor. C.4,4,54:

    pueri Sacra canunt,

    sacred songs, Verg. A. 2, 239; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 19:

    sacra ordine in mensā Penatium deorum Ponuntur,

    sacred gifts, offerings, Naev. B. Pun. 1, 11:

    neve ulla vitiorum sacra sollemnia obeunto,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    sicut in sollemnibus sacris fieri consuevit,

    Sall. C. 22, 2:

    qui (Mercurius) sacris anniversariis coleretur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 39, § 84 (for which:

    sacrificiis anniversariis colebatur,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 57, §

    128: sacris e principum numero pontifices quinque praefecit,

    id. Rep. 2, 14, 26:

    (Romulus) sacra diis aliis Albano ritu, Graeco Herculi facit,

    Liv. 1, 7; cf.:

    sacra Jovi facturus erat,

    Ov. M. 3, 26:

    sacra Jovi Stygio Perficere,

    Verg. A. 4, 638:

    ipse (Numa) plurima sacra obibat,

    Liv. 1, 20:

    densi circumstant sacra ministri,

    Ov. M. 2, 717:

    arcana sacra,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 52; Ov. M. 10, 436:

    fera,

    id. ib. 13, 454:

    nefanda,

    id. ib. 10, 228:

    mystica,

    id. H. 2, 42:

    horrida,

    Sil. 3, 140:

    veneranda,

    id. 7, 382:

    casta,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 370.
    a.
    Divine worship or religion in gen.: publica sacra, quae publico sumptu pro populo fiunt, quaeque pro montibus, pagis, curiis, sacellis: at privata, quae pro singulis hominibus, familiis, gentibus fiunt, Fest. pp. 244 and 245 Müll.; Liv. 5, 52:

    quo foedere (Romulus) et Sabinos in civitatem ascivit, sacris communicatis,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:

    quod per populum errari fas non erat propter religionem sacrorum,

    id. Agr. 2, 7, 18; so,

    religio sacrorum,

    id. Fl. 28, 69:

    sacra Cereris conficere,

    id. Balb. 24, 55; so,

    Cereris,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 14 (cf. supra, a fin.):

    Eleusina,

    Suet. Claud. 23:

    Junonis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 11:

    Orphica,

    rites, solemnity, festival, Cic. N. D. 3, 23, 58:

    Bacchia,

    Ov. M. 3, 518:

    trieterica Bacchi,

    id. ib. 6, 587:

    Dianae,

    id. ib. 7, 94;

    15, 489: Isidis,

    Suet. Oth. 12 et saep.—
    b.
    The private religious rites of a gens, a family, etc. (observed by the Romans with the greatest care):

    sacra privata perpetua manento,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; cf. id. ib. 2, 19, 47:

    an gentilicia sacra ne in bello quidem intermitti, publica sacra et Romanos deos etiam in pace deseri placet?

    Liv. 5, 52:

    ut ne morte patris familias sacrorum memoria occideret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48:

    docebant (antiqui) tribus modis sacris adstringi,

    id. ib. 2, 20, 49:

    magnum est eadem habere monumenta majorum, eisdem uti sacris, sepulcra habere communia,

    id. Off. 1, 17, 55; cf.:

    ut qui natus sit, ignoret, cujus sanguinis, quorum sacrorum sit,

    Liv. 4,2:

    sacra interire illi (majores) noluerunt,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 27:

    sacrorum alienatio,

    id. Or. 42, 144 (v. alienatio); cf. sing.:

    sacrum familiare,

    Macr. S. 1, 16:

    nuptialia,

    marriage solemnities, Quint. 1, 7, 28;

    called also jugalia,

    Ov. M. 7, 700; cf. respecting the sacra privata of the Romans, Savigny, in his Zeitschr. 2, p. 397 sq.—
    c.
    Poet., poems (as sacred to the Muses):

    mihi jam puero caelestia sacra placebant, Inque suum furtim Musa trahebat opus,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 19:

    vatum,

    Pers. prol. 7:

    Maronis,

    Mart. 7, 63, 5. —
    2.
    Prov.
    a.
    Inter sacrum saxumque stare, to stand between the victim and the knife, i. e. to be between the door and the wall, to be in great straits, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 84; cf.:

    inter sacrum et saxum positus,

    App. M. 11, p. 271 fin. —
    b.
    Hereditas sine sacris, i. e. a great profit without trouble, = a rose without thorns, meat without bone, etc. (because the keeping up of the sacra privata was attended with great expense), Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 8, and id. Trin. 2, 4, 83; cf. Fest. p. 290 Müll.—
    B.
    Transf., in gen. (the figure being borrowed from secret religious rites), in plur.: sacra, secrets, mysteries (not till after the Aug. period, and very rare):

    sacra tori coitusque novos referebam,

    Ov. M. 7, 709:

    peregisse mihi videor sacra tradentium artes,

    Quint. 5, 14, 27 (cf.:

    omnes fere, qui legem dicendi, quasi quaedam mysteria, tradiderunt,

    id. 5, 13, 60):

    litterarum colere,

    id. 10, 1, 92:

    studiorum profanare,

    Tac. Or. 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sacer

  • 2 veneratus

    vĕnĕror, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. [Sanscr. vankh, wish, pray; cf. O. H. Germ. wunsc; Engl. wish; and Lat. Venus, venustas], to reverence with religious awe, to worship, adore, revere, venerate.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of religious worship offered to the gods, etc. (class.;

    syn.: adoro, colo, revereor): di quos nos colere precari venerarique soleamus,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

    venerari et colere deos,

    id. ib. 2, 28, 71:

    auguste sancteque deos omnes,

    id. ib. 3, 21, 53:

    simulacrum in precibus,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

    eum (Epicurum) ut deum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48:

    eos in deorum numero (with colere),

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

    lapidem e sepulcro pro deo,

    id. Planc. 40, 95:

    Larem Farre pio,

    Verg. A. 5, 745:

    majestatem naturae deorum,

    Quint. 3, 7, 7:

    templa dei,

    Verg. A. 3, 84.—
    B.
    With men or things as objects, to revere, do homage to, reverence, honor (not ante-Aug.):

    quin omne humanum genus secundum deos nomen Romanum veneretur,

    Liv. 36, 17, 15:

    veneratur illos populus idem colitque,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 41, 3:

    Satrium utque Pomponium venerebamur,

    Tac. A. 6, 8:

    sic patris sic mariti memoriam venerari,

    id. Agr. 46:

    omnes qui aliquid in studiis faciunt venerari studeo,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 5; 7, 31, 5:

    spectacula edentes,

    Suet. Claud. 12:

    ut humilitas amplitudinem venerari debet,

    Val. Max. 3, 8, 7:

    canos ejus et annos,

    id. 4, 5, ext. 2:

    principes,

    id. 8, 5, 6:

    antiquorum curam diligentiamque,

    Plin. 27, 2, 2, § 4:

    (Augustum),

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    amicos,

    Ov. P. 1, 2, 51:

    se (scribentes),

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 107; 2, 1, 263.—
    II.
    Transf., to ask reverently for any thing, to beseech, implore, beg, entreat, supplicate; with ut:

    nunc quisquis est deus, veneror, Ut nos ex hac aerumnā miseras eximat,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 37; 5, 2, 62; id. Poen. 5, 1, 17; id. Aul. prol. 8; cf. an old formula of prayer in Liv. 8, 9, 7: qui multa deos venerati sint contra ejus salutem, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 2:

    nihil horum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 8:

    nec tu supplicibus me sis venerata tabellis,

    Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 33.
    ► 1.
    Act. collat, form vĕnĕro, āre:

    saluto te, vicine Apollo, veneroque te, Ne, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 1, 4:

    ut venerem Lucinam meam,

    id. Truc. 2, 5, 23.—
    2.
    Veneror, as passive, App. M. 11, p. 257, 25; Ambros. Ep. 17, 1.— vĕnĕrātus, a, um, in a pass. signif.:

    Ceres, Hor, S. 2, 2, 124: Sibylla,

    Verg. A. 3, 460; cf. Prisc. p. 794.
    A.
    vĕ-nĕrandus, a, um, P. a., worthy of veneration, venerable:

    VENERANDISSIMI CAESARES,

    Inscr. Grut. 209, 2; Paul. Nol. Ep. 38, 3.—
    B.
    vĕnĕranter, adv., with veneration, reverently (eccl. Lat.):

    adorant omnes,

    Tert. Carm. Judic. Dom. 184; Sedul. 5, 432.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > veneratus

  • 3 veneror

    vĕnĕror, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. [Sanscr. vankh, wish, pray; cf. O. H. Germ. wunsc; Engl. wish; and Lat. Venus, venustas], to reverence with religious awe, to worship, adore, revere, venerate.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Of religious worship offered to the gods, etc. (class.;

    syn.: adoro, colo, revereor): di quos nos colere precari venerarique soleamus,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

    venerari et colere deos,

    id. ib. 2, 28, 71:

    auguste sancteque deos omnes,

    id. ib. 3, 21, 53:

    simulacrum in precibus,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 94:

    eum (Epicurum) ut deum,

    id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48:

    eos in deorum numero (with colere),

    id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

    lapidem e sepulcro pro deo,

    id. Planc. 40, 95:

    Larem Farre pio,

    Verg. A. 5, 745:

    majestatem naturae deorum,

    Quint. 3, 7, 7:

    templa dei,

    Verg. A. 3, 84.—
    B.
    With men or things as objects, to revere, do homage to, reverence, honor (not ante-Aug.):

    quin omne humanum genus secundum deos nomen Romanum veneretur,

    Liv. 36, 17, 15:

    veneratur illos populus idem colitque,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 41, 3:

    Satrium utque Pomponium venerebamur,

    Tac. A. 6, 8:

    sic patris sic mariti memoriam venerari,

    id. Agr. 46:

    omnes qui aliquid in studiis faciunt venerari studeo,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 5; 7, 31, 5:

    spectacula edentes,

    Suet. Claud. 12:

    ut humilitas amplitudinem venerari debet,

    Val. Max. 3, 8, 7:

    canos ejus et annos,

    id. 4, 5, ext. 2:

    principes,

    id. 8, 5, 6:

    antiquorum curam diligentiamque,

    Plin. 27, 2, 2, § 4:

    (Augustum),

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52:

    amicos,

    Ov. P. 1, 2, 51:

    se (scribentes),

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 107; 2, 1, 263.—
    II.
    Transf., to ask reverently for any thing, to beseech, implore, beg, entreat, supplicate; with ut:

    nunc quisquis est deus, veneror, Ut nos ex hac aerumnā miseras eximat,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 37; 5, 2, 62; id. Poen. 5, 1, 17; id. Aul. prol. 8; cf. an old formula of prayer in Liv. 8, 9, 7: qui multa deos venerati sint contra ejus salutem, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 2:

    nihil horum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 8:

    nec tu supplicibus me sis venerata tabellis,

    Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 33.
    ► 1.
    Act. collat, form vĕnĕro, āre:

    saluto te, vicine Apollo, veneroque te, Ne, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 1, 4:

    ut venerem Lucinam meam,

    id. Truc. 2, 5, 23.—
    2.
    Veneror, as passive, App. M. 11, p. 257, 25; Ambros. Ep. 17, 1.— vĕnĕrātus, a, um, in a pass. signif.:

    Ceres, Hor, S. 2, 2, 124: Sibylla,

    Verg. A. 3, 460; cf. Prisc. p. 794.
    A.
    vĕ-nĕrandus, a, um, P. a., worthy of veneration, venerable:

    VENERANDISSIMI CAESARES,

    Inscr. Grut. 209, 2; Paul. Nol. Ep. 38, 3.—
    B.
    vĕnĕranter, adv., with veneration, reverently (eccl. Lat.):

    adorant omnes,

    Tert. Carm. Judic. Dom. 184; Sedul. 5, 432.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > veneror

  • 4 cultura

    cultūra, ae, f. [1. colo].
    I.
    A cultivating, care, cultivation:

    agri,

    Varr. R. R. 2, praef. § 4; Cic. Sen. 15, 54; Suet. Aug. 42 al.:

    agelli,

    Lucr. 5, 1366; cf. Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 83; 2, 35, 94; id. Fl. 29, 71, and agricultura:

    vitis,

    id. Fin. 5, 14, 39.—In plur.:

    agri culturas docuit usus,

    Lucr. 5, 1447.—
    b.
    Absol., agriculture, tillage, husbandry, in the broadest sense (cf. agricola), Varr. R. R. 1, 18; 1, 7; Quint. 10, 2, 2; Hor. C. 3, 24, 14.—In plur., of the several parts of husbandry, Col. 11, 1, 30; 11, 2, 3.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Care, culture, cultivation:

    cultura animi philosophia est,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13 (v. the figure in connection); so absol.:

    culturae patientem commodare aurem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 40.—
    B.
    An honoring:

    potentis amici,

    i. e. a courting, flattering, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 86.—
    2.
    Of religious worship (late Lat.):

    Dei,

    Lact. 5, 7 al.; Tert. Apol. 21.; Lampr. Heliog. 3 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cultura

  • 5 minister

    mĭnister, tra, trum, adj. ( gen. plur. ministrūm, Stat. S. 3, 1, 86) [a double comp. in form, from minus and comp. ending -ter, Gr. ter-os; cf.: magister, sinister], that is at hand, that serves, ministers (as an adj. only poet. and later): lumina (i. e. oculi) propositi facta ministra tui, that further, promote; promotive, or in a subst. sense, Ov. H. 21, 114:

    minister Grex,

    Sil. 11, 274:

    ardor,

    Lucr. 5, 297:

    ministro baculo,

    with the aid of a staff, Ov. Ib. 261.—
    II.
    Subst.
    A.
    mĭnister, tri, m., an attendant, waiter, servant; also a priest's attendant or assistant; likewise an inferior officer, underofficial; hence, transf., an aider in a good or bad sense, a furtherer, promoter, helper, an abettor, accomplice:

    centum aliae (famulae), totidemque pares aetate ministri,

    Verg. A. 1, 705:

    Phrygius,

    the cup-bearer Ganymede, Val. Fl. 5, 691; Mart. 12, 15, 7:

    Falerni,

    a cup -bearer, Cat. 27, 1:

    ministri publici Martis,

    Cic. Clu. 15, 43:

    hostia Inter cunctantes cecidit moribunda ministros,

    Verg. G. 3, 488:

    ministri imperii tui,

    inferior officers, under-officials, Cic. Q. Fr 1, 1, 3:

    regni,

    an assistant in the regal government, a minister, Just. 16, 1, 3:

    infimi homines ministros se praebent in judiciis oratoribus,

    i. e. inform the orators what the law is, Cic. de Or 1, 45, 146:

    legum,

    a minister, administrator, id. Clu. 53, 198:

    sermonum,

    a mediator, negotiator, Tac. H. 2, 99:

    consiliorum suorum,

    Vell. 2, 129, 3:

    Tiberius Alexander... minister bello datus,

    Tac. A. 15, 28:

    ministri ac servi seditionum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 13:

    ministri ac satellites cupiditatum,

    id. Verr 2, 3, 8, § 21; so,

    furoris alieni,

    agents, instruments, Lact. 5, 11:

    libidinis, Cic Lael. 10, 35: socii scelerum atque ministri,

    Lucr. 3, 61:

    Calchante ministro,

    with the help of Calchas, Verg. A. 2, 100:

    ministrum esse in maleficio,

    Cic. Clu. 22, 60:

    minister fulminis ales,

    i. e. the eagle, Hor. C. 4, 4, 1:

    calidae gelidaeque (aquae) minister,

    one who serves, Juv. 5, 63:

    me nemo ministro fur erit,

    by my aid, id. 3, 46.—Esp. (eccl. Lat.), a minister of religion, a preacher of Christ:

    ut sim minister Christi,

    Vulg. Rom. 15, 16; id. Eph. 3, 7:

    fidelis,

    id. ib. 6, 21:

    Dei,

    id. 2 Cor. 6, 4:

    optimus,

    Aug. Conf. 10, 26.—Of inanimate things:

    sit anulus tuus non minister alienae voluntatis,

    Cic. Q. Fr 1, 1, 4:

    taedae, ardore ministro, suppeditant novum lumen,

    Lucr. 5, 297.—
    B.
    mĭnistra, ae, f., a female attendant, maid-servant; a female assistant or minister, at religious worship (class. only in the trop. signif.).
    1.
    Lit.:

    una ministrarum,

    Ov. M. 9, 90; 306; 14, 705:

    accipiat missas apta ministra notas,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 470:

    ara deae certe tremuit, pariente ministrā,

    i. e. the Vestal Sylvia, id. F. 3, 47.—Also among Christians:

    ancillae, quae ministrae dicebantur,

    i. e. deaconesses, Plin. Ep. 10, 97, 8.—
    2.
    Trop., a servant, handmaid; in a bad sense, an aider, accessory, abettor:

    ministra et famula corporis res familiaris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    voluptatum satellites et ministrae,

    id. Fin. 2, 12, 37:

    Camilla delegit pacisque bonas bellique ministras,

    Verg. A. 11, 658.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > minister

  • 6 religiō

        religiō (not rell-; the first syl. lengthened in hexameter verse), ōnis, f    [re-+2 LIG-], conscientiousness, sense of right, moral obligation, duty: nihil esse mihi, religiost dicere, i. e. I say on my conscience, T.: Heium a religione deducere: quid lex et religio cogat cogitare: quaeris aliquem praestantiorem virtute, religione?: iudiciorum religionem veritatemque perfringere: iudicum religiones oratione converti, the conscientious convictions.— A regard for sacred things, devoutness, piety, reverence, religious feeling: sese summā religione teneri: religio, quae deorum cultu pio continetur: sacra summā religione confici velle: omnia, quae sceleri propiora sunt quam religioni: religioni servire.— A religious scruple, scruple of conscience, apprehension of divine anger, fear of the gods, superstitious awe: ut eam, non religio contineret: nullā mendaci religione obstrictus, superstition, Cs.: tantā religione obstricta provincia: obstrinxisti religione populum R.: parvulae causae vel terroris repentini vel obiectae religionis, Cs.: rem habere religioni, i. e. as a divine warning: ne bellum indiceretur, religio obstitit, L.: plena religione civitas, L.: liberatae religione mentes, L.: rivos deducere nulla Religio vetuit, V.: nulla mihi Religio est, H.: movendi thensauros, L.: novas sibi ex loco religiones fingunt, Cs.: religionibus impediri, Cs.: plenis religionum animis prodigia insuper nuntiata, L.— A sense of religious obligation, religious sanction, duty to the gods: viri religione potius quam veritate fides constricta: iuris iurandi.— A religious obligation, oath, pledge of faith, religious sanction: timori magis quam religioni consulere, Cs.: Achaeos religione obstringere, L.: relinquitur nova religio, ut, etc., i. e. a new view of your obligation, Cs.: ius iurandum servabat conservatā religione, N.: religioni potius vestrae quam odio parere.— Divine service, worship of the gods, religious observance, religion, worship: religione, id est cultu deorum: illa pax mater huic urbi iuris et religionis fuit: deorum.— A religion, faith, religious system, mode of worship, cult: venit mihi religionis illius in mentem: neque enim haec externa vobis est religio: expertes religionum omnium: in bello religionum et consuetudinis iura retinere: pro religionibus suis bella suscipere: religiones interpretantur, religious matters, Cs.: publicae religiones, L.— Sacredness, sanctity, holiness, claim to reverence: fanum Iunonis tantā religione semper fuit, ut, etc.: in sacerdotibus tanta offusa oculis animoque religio, i. e. such sacred majesty of expression and feeling, L.: Iam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestīs Dira loci, V. — An object of veneration, sacred place, consecrated thing, hallowed object: religionem restituere: tantis eorum religionibus violatis: ad deorum religionem demigrasse, i. e. shrines: quae religio aut quae machina belli (the Trojan horse), V.—Of places, a claim resulting from consecration, religious liability: aram si dedicasti, sine religione loco moveri potest: liberaret religione templum, L.: locus religionum deorumque plenus, L.
    * * *
    supernatural constraint/taboo; obligation; sanction; worship; rite; sanctity; reverence/respect/awe/conscience/scruples; religion; order of monks/nuns (Bee)

    Latin-English dictionary > religiō

  • 7 sacrum

        sacrum ī, n    [sacer], something consecrated, a holy thing, sacred vessel, sacred utensil, holy place, sanctuary, temple: sacrum qui clepsit rapsitque: metuens velut contingere sacrum, H.: arma conici in acervum iussit sacrumque id Volcano cremavit, L.: pyrā sacri sub imagine factā, O.: sacra ex aedibus suis eripuisse, sacred vessels: Iunonis sacra ferre, H.: cumque suis penetralia sacris, i. e. the Penates, O.— A sacred act, religious rite, act of worship, sacrifice, religious service: Graecum illud sacrum monstrare: neve initianto Graeco sacro, according to the Grecian rites: Cereris sacrum Volgare arcanae, H.: pueri Sacra canunt, sacred songs, V.: sacris pontifices quinque praefecit: sacra diis aliis Albano ritu facit, L.: Orphica, festival: Bacchica, O.: Arcana sacra, H.— Plur, divine worship, religion: Sabinos in civitatem ascivit, sacris communicatis: religio sacrorum.— Private religious rites, gentile rites, family worship (peculiar to a gens or family, and preserved by tradition): sacra privata perpetua manento: gentilicia, L.: amissis sacris paternis: iugalia, marriage solemnities, O.— A secret, mystery: mihi iam puero caelestia sacra placebant, poetic inspiration, O.: Sacra tori, O.
    * * *
    sacrifice; sacred vessel; religious rites (pl.)

    Latin-English dictionary > sacrum

  • 8 religio

    rĕlĭgĭo (in poetry also rellĭgĭo, to lengthen the first syllable), ōnis, f. [Concerning the etymology of this word, various opinions were prevalent among the ancients. Cicero (N. D. 2, 28, 72) derives it from relĕgere, an etymology favored by the verse cited ap. Gell. 4, 9, 1, religentem esse oportet, religiosum nefas; whereas Servius (ad Verg. A. 8, 349), Lactantius (4, 28), Augustine (Retract. 1, 13), al., assume religare as the primitive, and for this derivation Lactantius cites the expression of Lucretius (1, 931; 4, 7): religionum nodis animos exsolvere. Modern etymologists mostly agree with this latter view, assuming as root lig, to bind, whence also lic-tor, lex, and ligare; hence, religio sometimes means the same as obligatio; v. Corss. Aussprache, 1, 444 sq.; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 1, 109.]
    I.
    Reverence for God ( the gods), the fear of God, connected with a careful pondering of divine things; piety, religion, both pure inward piety and that which is manifested in religious rites and ceremonies;

    hence the rites and ceremonies, as well as the entire system of religion and worship, the res divinae or sacrae, were frequently called religio or religiones (cf. our use of the word religion): qui omnia, quae ad cultum deorum pertinerent, diligenter retractarent et tamquam relegerent, sunt dicti religiosi ex relegendo, ut elegantes ex elegendo, tamquam a diligendo diligentes, ex intellegendo intellegentes: his enim in verbis omnibus inest vis legendi eadem, quae in religioso,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 72:

    religione id est cultu deorum,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 8:

    religio est, quae superioris cujusdam naturae (quam divinam vocant) curam caerimoniamque affert,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 161:

    (Pompilius) animos ardentes consuetudine et cupiditate bellandi religionum caeremoniis mitigavit, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 14, 26;

    with which cf.: illa diuturna pax Numae mater huic urbi juris et religionis fuit,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

    de auguriis, responsis, religione denique omni,

    Quint. 12, 2, 21:

    unde enim pietas? aut a quibus religio?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf. id. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

    aliquem a pietate, religione deducere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

    horum sententiae omnium non modo superstitionem tollunt, in quā inest timor inanis deorum, sed etiam religionem, quae deorum cultu pio continetur, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 42, 117:

    quis enim istas (Democriti) imagines... aut cultu aut religione dignas judicare?

    id. ib. 1, 43, 121; cf.:

    cum animus cultum deorum et puram religionem susceperit,

    id. Leg. 1, 23, 60:

    sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,

    id. Balb. 24, 55; cf. id. Leg. 2, 22, 55:

    in quibus erant omnia, quae sceleri propiora sunt quam religioni,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:

    nec vero superstitione tollenda religio tollitur,

    id. Div. 2, 72, 148; cf. id. Part. 23, 31:

    medemini religioni sociorum, judices, conservate vestram. Neque enim haec externa vobis est religio (sc. Cereris) neque aliena, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 114:

    istorum religio sacrorum,

    id. Fl. 28, 69; id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 8, §

    18: religio deorum immortalium,

    id. Lael. 25, 96; cf.:

    per deos immortales! eos ipsos, de quorum religione jam diu dicimus,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    religio divum,

    Lucr. 6, 1276:

    mira quaedam totā Siciliā privatim ac publice religio est Cereris Hennensis... quantam esse religionem convenit eorum, apud quos eam (Cererem) natam esse constat?... tanta erit enim auctoritas illius religionis, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

    99: qui (Mercurius) apud eos summā religione coleretur,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 84; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 85;

    2, 4, 44, § 96: (simulacrum Dianae) translatum Carthaginem locum tantum hominesque mutarat: religionem quidem pristinam conservabat,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 33, § 72; cf.

    , of the same,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, §

    78: fanum Junonis tantā religione semper fuit, ut... semper inviolatum sanctumque fuit,

    enjoyed such honor, was held in such reverence, id. ib. 2, 4, 46, § 103;

    2, 4, 58, § 129: hac (panacea) evulsā scrobem repleri vario genere frugum religio est,

    is a religious custom, Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; cf.:

    et obrui tales religio est,

    id. 30, 5, 14, § 42:

    hi (barbari) ignari totius negotii ac religionis,

    of religious belief, of religion, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf.:

    venit mihi fani, loci, religionis illius in mentem,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    110: de religione queri,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 51, § 113.—In late and eccl. Lat., a religious ordinance, ceremony, rite:

    quae est ista religio?

    Vulg. Exod. 12, 26:

    ista est religio victimae,

    id. Num. 19, 2.—In plur.:

    expertes religionum omnium,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

    qui in bello religionum et consuetudinis jura continent,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122; cf.:

    a quibus (rebus) etiam oculos cohibere te religionum jura cogebant,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

    101: religiones expiare,

    id. Mil. 27, 73:

    ceterae (nationes) pro religionibus suis bella suscipiunt, istae contra omnium religiones,

    id. Font. 9, 30: Druides religiones interpretantur, religious matters, religion, Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

    scientia morum ac religionum ejus rei publicae,

    Quint. 12, 3, 1:

    civitas religionibus dedita,

    Plin. Pan. 74, 5:

    liberum a religionibus matutinum,

    Col. 6, 2, 3.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Subject., conscientiousness, scrupulousness arising from religion, religious scruples, scruples of conscience, religious awe, etc. (cf. sanctimonia):

    refrenatus religione,

    Lucr. 5, 1114:

    oppressa gravi sub religione vita,

    id. 1, 64:

    sese cum summā religione, tum summo metu legum et judiciorum teneri,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75; cf.:

    ut eam non metus, non religio contineret,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

    101: memini perturbari exercitum nostrum religione et metu, quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

    id. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

    tantā religione obstricta tota provincia est, tanta superstitio ex istius facto mentes omnium Siculorum occupavit, ut, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 113; cf.:

    obstrinxisti religione populum Romanum,

    id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

    recitatis litteris oblata religio Cornuto est, etc.,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

    ad oblatam aliquam religionem,

    id. Agr. 1, 2, 5:

    non recordabantur, quam parvulae saepe causae vel falsae suspicionis vel terroris repentini vel objectae religionis magna detrimenta intulissent,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 72:

    obicere religionem,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 40; cf.:

    inicere religionem alicui,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97:

    vide ne quid Catulus attulerit religionis,

    id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:

    Gracchus cum rem illam in religionem populo venisse sentiret, ad senatum retulit,

    id. N. D. 2, 4, 10:

    nec eam rem habuit religioni,

    id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    ut quae religio C. Mario non fuerat, quo minus C. Glauciam praetorem occideret, eā nos religione in privato P. Lentulo puniendo liberaremur,

    id. Cat. 3, 6, 15:

    tunc quoque, ne confestim bellum indiceretur, religio obstitit,

    Liv. 4, 30:

    cum ibi quoque religio obstaret, ne, etc... augures consulti eam religionem eximere,

    id. 4, 31:

    cum plenā religione civitas esset,

    id. 7, 28; 21, 62:

    nihil esse mihi, religio'st dicere,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; cf.:

    ut velut numine aliquo defensa castra oppugnare iterum, religio fuerit,

    Liv. 2, 62; 6, 27:

    rivos deducere nulla Religio vetuit (with fas et jura sinunt),

    Verg. G. 1, 270:

    nulla mihi Religio est,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 71:

    nullā religione, ut scelus tegat, posse constrin gi,

    Curt. 6, 7, 7:

    quosdam religio ceperit ulterius quicquam eo die conandi,

    Liv. 28, 15; cf.:

    movendi inde thesauros incussa erat religio,

    id. 29, 18:

    religio fuit, denegare nolui,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 71.—In plur.: non demunt animis curas ac religiones Persarum montes, Varr. ap. Non. 379, 11:

    artis Religionum animum nodis exsolvere,

    Lucr. 1, 932; 4, 7:

    religionibus atque minis obsistere vatum,

    id. 1, 109:

    plerique novas sibi ex loco religiones fingunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 37:

    natio est omnis Gallorum admodum dedita religionibus,

    id. ib. 6, 16:

    religionibus impediri,

    id. ib. 5, 6; Auct. B. Alex. 74; Phaedr. 4, 10, 4:

    plenis religionum animis, prodigia insuper nunciata,

    Liv. 41, 16:

    nullus locus non religionum deorumque est plenus,

    id. 5, 52, 2:

    pontifices flaminesque neglegentiores publicarum religionum esse,

    id. 5, 52, 5.—
    b.
    Meton. ( effect. pro causā), a religious offence, giving rise to scruples of conscience:

    ut si profectus non esset, nullā tamen mendacii religione obstrictus videretur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11:

    liberaret religione templum,

    Liv. 45, 5:

    se domumque religione exsolvere,

    id. 5, 23.—In plur.:

    inexpiabiles religiones in rem publicam inducere,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13.—
    c.
    In partic.: religio jurisjurandi, or absol., scrupulousness in the fulfilment of an oath, the obligation of an oath, plighted faith:

    religione jurisjurandi ac metu deorum in testimoniis dicendis commoveri,

    Cic. Font. 9, 20; so,

    jurisjurandi,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 3, 28; cf.:

    nec Achaeos religione obstringerent,

    Liv. 39, 37; Just. 1, 9, 18; 18, 6, 11. — Absol., Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

    nocturna proelia esse vitanda, quod perterritus miles in civili dissensione timori magis quam religioni consulere consuerit,

    id. ib. 1, 67:

    religionem servare,

    Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—
    2.
    In gen., a strict scrupulousness, anxiety, punctiliousness, conscientiousness, exactness, etc.: Atheniensium semper fuit prudens sincerumque judicium, nihil ut possent nisi incorruptum audire et elegans. Eorum religioni cum serviret orator, nullum verbum insolens, [p. 1557] nullum odiosum ponere audebat, Cic. Or. 8, 25; cf. id. ib. 11, 36; id. Brut. 82, 283:

    fide et religione vitae defendi,

    id. Deiot. 6, 16; cf.:

    propter fidem et religionem judicis,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; and:

    testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

    id. Fl. 4, 9:

    homo sine ullā religione ac fide,

    Nep. Chabr. 8, 2:

    sin est in me ratio rei publicae, religio privati officii, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 3, 10; so,

    officii,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:

    religio in consilio dando,

    id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:

    alicujus facta ad antiquae religionis rationem exquirere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10; so,

    antiqua,

    id. Caecin. 10, 28:

    nefas est religionem decipi judicantis,

    Amm. 30, 4, 10.—In plur.:

    judicum religiones,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 31.—
    B.
    Object.
    1.
    Abstr., the holiness, sacredness, sanctity inhering in any religious object (a deity, temple, utensils, etc.; cf.

    sanctitas): quae (fortissimorum civium mentes) mihi videntur ex hominum vitā ad deorum religionem et sanctimoniam demigrasse,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 30:

    propter singularem ejus fani religionem,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96:

    in sacerdotibus tanta offusa oculis animoque religio,

    Liv. 2, 40, 3; so,

    fani,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110; id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    sacrarii,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5:

    templorum,

    Tac. H. 1, 40:

    signi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127:

    jam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestes Dira loci,

    Verg. A. 8, 349.—
    2.
    Concr., an object of religious veneration, a sacred place or thing:

    uno tempore Agrigentini beneficium Africani (sc. signum Apollinis), religionem domesticam, ornamentum urbis, etc.... requirebant,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 93; cf.:

    religionem restituere,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 36, §

    80: sacrorum omnium et religionum hostis praedoque,

    id. ib.; cf.:

    praedo religionum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 43, §

    95: quem tibi deum tantis eorum religionibus violatis auxilio futurum putas?

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; cf.:

    est sceleris, quod religiones maximas violavit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 41, § 88.— Poet.:

    quae religio aut quae machina belli, of the Trojan horse,

    Verg. A. 2, 151.—
    (β).
    A system of religious belief, a religion (late Lat.):

    Christiana,

    Christianity, Eutr. 10, 16 fin.; Leo M. Serm. 66, 2 init.:

    Christianam religionem absolutam et simplicem anili superstitione confundens,

    Amm. 21, 16, 18; Lact. 5, 2, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > religio

  • 9 relligio

    rĕlĭgĭo (in poetry also rellĭgĭo, to lengthen the first syllable), ōnis, f. [Concerning the etymology of this word, various opinions were prevalent among the ancients. Cicero (N. D. 2, 28, 72) derives it from relĕgere, an etymology favored by the verse cited ap. Gell. 4, 9, 1, religentem esse oportet, religiosum nefas; whereas Servius (ad Verg. A. 8, 349), Lactantius (4, 28), Augustine (Retract. 1, 13), al., assume religare as the primitive, and for this derivation Lactantius cites the expression of Lucretius (1, 931; 4, 7): religionum nodis animos exsolvere. Modern etymologists mostly agree with this latter view, assuming as root lig, to bind, whence also lic-tor, lex, and ligare; hence, religio sometimes means the same as obligatio; v. Corss. Aussprache, 1, 444 sq.; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 1, 109.]
    I.
    Reverence for God ( the gods), the fear of God, connected with a careful pondering of divine things; piety, religion, both pure inward piety and that which is manifested in religious rites and ceremonies;

    hence the rites and ceremonies, as well as the entire system of religion and worship, the res divinae or sacrae, were frequently called religio or religiones (cf. our use of the word religion): qui omnia, quae ad cultum deorum pertinerent, diligenter retractarent et tamquam relegerent, sunt dicti religiosi ex relegendo, ut elegantes ex elegendo, tamquam a diligendo diligentes, ex intellegendo intellegentes: his enim in verbis omnibus inest vis legendi eadem, quae in religioso,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 28, 72:

    religione id est cultu deorum,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 8:

    religio est, quae superioris cujusdam naturae (quam divinam vocant) curam caerimoniamque affert,

    id. Inv. 2, 53, 161:

    (Pompilius) animos ardentes consuetudine et cupiditate bellandi religionum caeremoniis mitigavit, etc.,

    id. Rep. 2, 14, 26;

    with which cf.: illa diuturna pax Numae mater huic urbi juris et religionis fuit,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

    de auguriis, responsis, religione denique omni,

    Quint. 12, 2, 21:

    unde enim pietas? aut a quibus religio?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 2; cf. id. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

    aliquem a pietate, religione deducere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12:

    horum sententiae omnium non modo superstitionem tollunt, in quā inest timor inanis deorum, sed etiam religionem, quae deorum cultu pio continetur, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 42, 117:

    quis enim istas (Democriti) imagines... aut cultu aut religione dignas judicare?

    id. ib. 1, 43, 121; cf.:

    cum animus cultum deorum et puram religionem susceperit,

    id. Leg. 1, 23, 60:

    sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,

    id. Balb. 24, 55; cf. id. Leg. 2, 22, 55:

    in quibus erant omnia, quae sceleri propiora sunt quam religioni,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:

    nec vero superstitione tollenda religio tollitur,

    id. Div. 2, 72, 148; cf. id. Part. 23, 31:

    medemini religioni sociorum, judices, conservate vestram. Neque enim haec externa vobis est religio (sc. Cereris) neque aliena, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 114:

    istorum religio sacrorum,

    id. Fl. 28, 69; id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 12; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 8, §

    18: religio deorum immortalium,

    id. Lael. 25, 96; cf.:

    per deos immortales! eos ipsos, de quorum religione jam diu dicimus,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    religio divum,

    Lucr. 6, 1276:

    mira quaedam totā Siciliā privatim ac publice religio est Cereris Hennensis... quantam esse religionem convenit eorum, apud quos eam (Cererem) natam esse constat?... tanta erit enim auctoritas illius religionis, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

    99: qui (Mercurius) apud eos summā religione coleretur,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 84; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 39, § 85;

    2, 4, 44, § 96: (simulacrum Dianae) translatum Carthaginem locum tantum hominesque mutarat: religionem quidem pristinam conservabat,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 33, § 72; cf.

    , of the same,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, §

    78: fanum Junonis tantā religione semper fuit, ut... semper inviolatum sanctumque fuit,

    enjoyed such honor, was held in such reverence, id. ib. 2, 4, 46, § 103;

    2, 4, 58, § 129: hac (panacea) evulsā scrobem repleri vario genere frugum religio est,

    is a religious custom, Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; cf.:

    et obrui tales religio est,

    id. 30, 5, 14, § 42:

    hi (barbari) ignari totius negotii ac religionis,

    of religious belief, of religion, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf.:

    venit mihi fani, loci, religionis illius in mentem,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    110: de religione queri,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 51, § 113.—In late and eccl. Lat., a religious ordinance, ceremony, rite:

    quae est ista religio?

    Vulg. Exod. 12, 26:

    ista est religio victimae,

    id. Num. 19, 2.—In plur.:

    expertes religionum omnium,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 42, 119:

    qui in bello religionum et consuetudinis jura continent,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122; cf.:

    a quibus (rebus) etiam oculos cohibere te religionum jura cogebant,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

    101: religiones expiare,

    id. Mil. 27, 73:

    ceterae (nationes) pro religionibus suis bella suscipiunt, istae contra omnium religiones,

    id. Font. 9, 30: Druides religiones interpretantur, religious matters, religion, Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

    scientia morum ac religionum ejus rei publicae,

    Quint. 12, 3, 1:

    civitas religionibus dedita,

    Plin. Pan. 74, 5:

    liberum a religionibus matutinum,

    Col. 6, 2, 3.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Subject., conscientiousness, scrupulousness arising from religion, religious scruples, scruples of conscience, religious awe, etc. (cf. sanctimonia):

    refrenatus religione,

    Lucr. 5, 1114:

    oppressa gravi sub religione vita,

    id. 1, 64:

    sese cum summā religione, tum summo metu legum et judiciorum teneri,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75; cf.:

    ut eam non metus, non religio contineret,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 45, §

    101: memini perturbari exercitum nostrum religione et metu, quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset,

    id. Rep. 1, 15, 23:

    tantā religione obstricta tota provincia est, tanta superstitio ex istius facto mentes omnium Siculorum occupavit, ut, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 113; cf.:

    obstrinxisti religione populum Romanum,

    id. Phil. 2, 33, 83:

    recitatis litteris oblata religio Cornuto est, etc.,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

    ad oblatam aliquam religionem,

    id. Agr. 1, 2, 5:

    non recordabantur, quam parvulae saepe causae vel falsae suspicionis vel terroris repentini vel objectae religionis magna detrimenta intulissent,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 72:

    obicere religionem,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 40; cf.:

    inicere religionem alicui,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97:

    vide ne quid Catulus attulerit religionis,

    id. de Or. 2, 90, 367:

    Gracchus cum rem illam in religionem populo venisse sentiret, ad senatum retulit,

    id. N. D. 2, 4, 10:

    nec eam rem habuit religioni,

    id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    ut quae religio C. Mario non fuerat, quo minus C. Glauciam praetorem occideret, eā nos religione in privato P. Lentulo puniendo liberaremur,

    id. Cat. 3, 6, 15:

    tunc quoque, ne confestim bellum indiceretur, religio obstitit,

    Liv. 4, 30:

    cum ibi quoque religio obstaret, ne, etc... augures consulti eam religionem eximere,

    id. 4, 31:

    cum plenā religione civitas esset,

    id. 7, 28; 21, 62:

    nihil esse mihi, religio'st dicere,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; cf.:

    ut velut numine aliquo defensa castra oppugnare iterum, religio fuerit,

    Liv. 2, 62; 6, 27:

    rivos deducere nulla Religio vetuit (with fas et jura sinunt),

    Verg. G. 1, 270:

    nulla mihi Religio est,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 71:

    nullā religione, ut scelus tegat, posse constrin gi,

    Curt. 6, 7, 7:

    quosdam religio ceperit ulterius quicquam eo die conandi,

    Liv. 28, 15; cf.:

    movendi inde thesauros incussa erat religio,

    id. 29, 18:

    religio fuit, denegare nolui,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 71.—In plur.: non demunt animis curas ac religiones Persarum montes, Varr. ap. Non. 379, 11:

    artis Religionum animum nodis exsolvere,

    Lucr. 1, 932; 4, 7:

    religionibus atque minis obsistere vatum,

    id. 1, 109:

    plerique novas sibi ex loco religiones fingunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 37:

    natio est omnis Gallorum admodum dedita religionibus,

    id. ib. 6, 16:

    religionibus impediri,

    id. ib. 5, 6; Auct. B. Alex. 74; Phaedr. 4, 10, 4:

    plenis religionum animis, prodigia insuper nunciata,

    Liv. 41, 16:

    nullus locus non religionum deorumque est plenus,

    id. 5, 52, 2:

    pontifices flaminesque neglegentiores publicarum religionum esse,

    id. 5, 52, 5.—
    b.
    Meton. ( effect. pro causā), a religious offence, giving rise to scruples of conscience:

    ut si profectus non esset, nullā tamen mendacii religione obstrictus videretur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11:

    liberaret religione templum,

    Liv. 45, 5:

    se domumque religione exsolvere,

    id. 5, 23.—In plur.:

    inexpiabiles religiones in rem publicam inducere,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13.—
    c.
    In partic.: religio jurisjurandi, or absol., scrupulousness in the fulfilment of an oath, the obligation of an oath, plighted faith:

    religione jurisjurandi ac metu deorum in testimoniis dicendis commoveri,

    Cic. Font. 9, 20; so,

    jurisjurandi,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 3, 28; cf.:

    nec Achaeos religione obstringerent,

    Liv. 39, 37; Just. 1, 9, 18; 18, 6, 11. — Absol., Caes. B. C. 2, 32:

    nocturna proelia esse vitanda, quod perterritus miles in civili dissensione timori magis quam religioni consulere consuerit,

    id. ib. 1, 67:

    religionem servare,

    Nep. Ages. 2, 5.—
    2.
    In gen., a strict scrupulousness, anxiety, punctiliousness, conscientiousness, exactness, etc.: Atheniensium semper fuit prudens sincerumque judicium, nihil ut possent nisi incorruptum audire et elegans. Eorum religioni cum serviret orator, nullum verbum insolens, [p. 1557] nullum odiosum ponere audebat, Cic. Or. 8, 25; cf. id. ib. 11, 36; id. Brut. 82, 283:

    fide et religione vitae defendi,

    id. Deiot. 6, 16; cf.:

    propter fidem et religionem judicis,

    id. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; and:

    testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

    id. Fl. 4, 9:

    homo sine ullā religione ac fide,

    Nep. Chabr. 8, 2:

    sin est in me ratio rei publicae, religio privati officii, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 3, 10; so,

    officii,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 2:

    religio in consilio dando,

    id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:

    alicujus facta ad antiquae religionis rationem exquirere,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 5, § 10; so,

    antiqua,

    id. Caecin. 10, 28:

    nefas est religionem decipi judicantis,

    Amm. 30, 4, 10.—In plur.:

    judicum religiones,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 31.—
    B.
    Object.
    1.
    Abstr., the holiness, sacredness, sanctity inhering in any religious object (a deity, temple, utensils, etc.; cf.

    sanctitas): quae (fortissimorum civium mentes) mihi videntur ex hominum vitā ad deorum religionem et sanctimoniam demigrasse,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 30:

    propter singularem ejus fani religionem,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96:

    in sacerdotibus tanta offusa oculis animoque religio,

    Liv. 2, 40, 3; so,

    fani,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110; id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    sacrarii,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5:

    templorum,

    Tac. H. 1, 40:

    signi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127:

    jam tum religio pavidos terrebat agrestes Dira loci,

    Verg. A. 8, 349.—
    2.
    Concr., an object of religious veneration, a sacred place or thing:

    uno tempore Agrigentini beneficium Africani (sc. signum Apollinis), religionem domesticam, ornamentum urbis, etc.... requirebant,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 93; cf.:

    religionem restituere,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 36, §

    80: sacrorum omnium et religionum hostis praedoque,

    id. ib.; cf.:

    praedo religionum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 43, §

    95: quem tibi deum tantis eorum religionibus violatis auxilio futurum putas?

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; cf.:

    est sceleris, quod religiones maximas violavit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 41, § 88.— Poet.:

    quae religio aut quae machina belli, of the Trojan horse,

    Verg. A. 2, 151.—
    (β).
    A system of religious belief, a religion (late Lat.):

    Christiana,

    Christianity, Eutr. 10, 16 fin.; Leo M. Serm. 66, 2 init.:

    Christianam religionem absolutam et simplicem anili superstitione confundens,

    Amm. 21, 16, 18; Lact. 5, 2, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > relligio

  • 10 adoro

    ăd-ōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.
    I.
    In the earliest per., to speak to or accost one, to address; hence, also, to treat of or negotiate a matter with one:

    adorare veteribus est alloqui,

    Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 677:

    immo cum gemitu populum sic adorat,

    App. Met. 2, p. 127; 3, p. 130: adorare apud antiquos significabat agere: unde et legati oratores dicuntur, quia mandata populi agunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 19 Müll.; cf. oro and orator.— Hence, also, in judicial lang., to bring an accusation, to accuse; so in the Fragm. of the XII. Tab. lex viii.: SEI (Si) ADORAT FVRTO QVOD NEC MANIFESTVM ERIT, Fest. S. V. NEC, p. 162 Müll.—
    II.
    In the class. per., to speak to one in order to obtain something of him; to ask or entreat one, esp. a deity, to pray earnestly, to beseech, supplicate, implore; constr. with acc., ut, or the simple subj.:

    quos adorent, ad quos precentur et supplicent,

    Liv. 38, 43:

    affaturque deos et sanctum sidus adorat,

    Verg. A. 2, 700:

    in rupes, in saxa (volens vos Turnus adoro) Ferte ratem,

    id. ib. 10, 677:

    Junonis prece numen,

    id. ib. 3, 437:

    prece superos,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 41:

    non te per meritum adoro,

    id. H. 10, 141.—With the thing asked for in the acc. (like rogo, peto, postulo):

    cum hostiā caesā pacem deūm adorāsset,

    Liv. 6, 12 Drak.—With ut:

    adoravi deos, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 40; Juv. 3, 300:

    adorati di, ut bene ac feliciter eveniret,

    Liv. 21, 17:

    Hanc ego, non ut me defendere temptet, adoro,

    Ov. P. 2, 2, 55.—With the subj. without ut, poet.:

    maneat sic semper adoro,

    I pray, Prop. 1, 4, 27.—
    III.
    Hence,
    A.
    Dropping the idea of asking, entreating, to reverence, honor, adore, worship the gods or objects of nature regarded as gods; more emphatic than venerari, and denoting the highest degree of reverence (Gr. proskunein); the habitus adorantium was to put the right hand to the mouth and turn about the entire body to the right (dextratio, q. v.); cf. Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 25; Liv. 5, 21; App. M. 4, 28. —Constr. with acc., dat., with prepp. or absol.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    Auctoremque viae Phoebum taciturnus adorat,

    Ov. M. 3, 18:

    Janus adorandus,

    id. F. 3, 881:

    in delubra non nisi adoraturus intras,

    Plin. Pan. 52:

    large deos adorare,

    Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 62:

    nil praeter nubes et caeli numen adorat,

    Juv. 14, 97:

    adorare crocodilon,

    id. 15, 2.—

    In eccl. Lat. of the worship of the true God: adoravit Israel Deum,

    Vulg. Gen. 47, 31:

    Dominum Deum tuum adorabis,

    ib. Matt. 4, 10:

    Deum adora,

    ib. Apoc. 22, 9;

    so of Christ: videntes eum adoraverunt,

    ib. Matt. 28, 17;

    adorent eum omnes angeli Dei,

    ib. Heb. 1, 6.—
    (β).
    With dat. (eccl.): adorato ( imperat.) Domino Deo tuo, Vulg. Deut. 26, 10:

    nec adorabis deo alieno,

    id. Ital. Ps. 80, 10 Mai (deum alienum, Vulg.):

    qui adorant sculptibus,

    ib. ib. 96, 7 Mai (sculptilia, Vulg.).—
    (γ).
    With prepp. (eccl.):

    si adoraveris coram me,

    Vulg. Luc. 4, 7:

    adorabunt in conspectu tuo,

    ib. Apoc. 15, 4:

    adorent ante pedes tuos,

    ib. ib. 3, 9; 22, 8.—
    (δ).
    Absol. (eccl.):

    Patres nostri in hoc monte adoraverunt,

    Vulg. Joan. 4, 20 bis.; ib. Act. 24, 11.—And,
    B.
    The notion of religious regard being dropped, to reverence, admire, esteem highly:

    adorare priscorum in inveniendo curam,

    Plin. 27, 1, 1, § 1:

    Ennium sicut sacros vetustate lucos adoremus,

    Quint. 10, 1, 88:

    veteris qui tollunt grandia templi pocula adorandae rubiginis,

    Juv. 13, 148:

    nec tu divinam Aeneida tenta, Sed longe sequere et vestigia semper adora,

    Stat. Th. 12, 816.—
    C.
    Under the emperors the Oriental custom being introduced of worshipping the Cæsars with divine ceremony, to worship, to reverence:

    C. Caesarem adorari ut deum constituit, cum reversus ex Syria, non aliter adire ausus esset quam capite velato circumvertensque se, deinde procumbens,

    Suet. Vit. 2; App. M. 4, 28; Min. Fel. 2, 5:

    non salutari, sed adorari se jubet (Alexander),

    Just. 12, 7:

    adorare Caesarum imagines,

    Suet. Calig. 14: coronam a judicibus ad se delatam adoravit, did obeisance before, id. Ner. 12:

    adorare purpuram principis,

    i. e. touched his purple robe and brought it to the mouth in reverence, Amm. 21, 9.—Of adulation to the rabble, to pay court to:

    nec deerat Otho protendens manus, adorare volgum,

    Tac. H. 1, 36.
    ► This word does not occur in Cic.
    ; for in Arch. 11, 28, where adoravi was given by Mai in Fragm. p. 124, Halm reads adhortatus sum, and B. and K. adornavi.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adoro

  • 11 divina

    dīvīnus, a, um, adj. [divus], of or belonging to a deity, divine (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    Prop.:

    divinae Matris imago,

    Lucr. 2, 609:

    numen,

    id. 1, 154; 4, 1233; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 22; id. Mil. 30 fin. al.:

    stirps,

    Verg. A. 5, 711; Ov. M. 2, 633; cf.

    semen,

    id. ib. 1, 78;

    and, origo,

    Liv. 1, 15:

    Pergamum divina moenitum manu,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

    non sine ope divina bellum gerere,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 31, 2; and:

    quasi divino consilio,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 4 fin.:

    stellae divinis animatae mentibus,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 15:

    divina studia colere,

    id. ib. 6, 18:

    animos hominum esse divinos, i. e.,

    of divine origin, id. Lael. 4, 13; cf.: hoc divinum animal (homo, shortly before: quasi mortalem deum), id. [p. 603] Fin. 2, 13, 40:

    aliquis instinctus inflatusque,

    id. Div. 1, 6 fin.; cf.:

    causa divinior,

    id. Fin. 5, 11, 33 et saep.:

    condimenta,

    enjoyed by the gods, divine, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 37:

    odor (Veneris),

    Verg. A. 1, 403; cf.

    decoris,

    id. ib. 5, 647:

    ars Palladis,

    id. ib. 2, 15 et saep.:

    divinissima dona, i. e.,

    most worthy of a deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 18: re divina facta, i. e., religious exercise, divine worship, sacrifice, etc., Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 13;

    in this sense res divina is very freq.,

    id. Epid. 2, 3, 11; 3, 3, 34 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 7; id. Hec. 1, 2, 109; Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 10; Nep. Hann. 2, 4; Plin. 18, 2, 2, § 7; Suet. Tib. 44 et saep.; less freq. in the plur. divinae res, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 81; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8; id. Div. 2, 10; Liv. 23, 11.—In plur. also in gen. for religious affairs, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 4; 6, 21, 1; Cic. Div. 1, 4 fin. —Also verba, a form of prayer, Cato R. R. 14, 3:

    religiones (opp. fides humana),

    Liv. 9, 9; cf. id. 34, 31.—
    B.
    Freq. connected with humanus as a stronger designation for all things, things of every kind, etc. (cf.: di hominesque under deus, I. B. fin.):

    dedunt se, divina humanaque omnia,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 102; cf. id. Trin. 2, 4, 78; Liv. 9, 14; Suet. Caes. 84:

    res,

    Cic. Lael. 6:

    jura,

    id. Rosc. Am. 23 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.:

    scelera,

    Liv. 3, 19; cf. id. 29, 18 fin.:

    spes,

    id. 10, 40 et saep. But in the explanation of philosophia by scientia divinarum humanarumque rerum, the term divinae res denotes nature, physics, as distinguished from humanae res, i. e. morals, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7; 4, 26, 57; id. Off. 1, 43, 153; 2, 2, 5; id. Fin. 2, 12, 37; Sen. Ep. 88; 90; Quint. 12, 2, 8; 20 al.; cf. Cic. Or. 34; Quint. 10, 1, 35.—So too in jurid. lang., divinae res signifies natural laws, in opp. to humanae res, positive laws, Cic. Sest. 42, 91; Just. Inst. 1, 1; Dig. 1, 1, 10.— dīvīnum, i, n.,
    1.
    The deity, to theion:

    divina si faverint,

    God willing, Pall. 1, 1, 2; Juv. 15, 144; Amm. 23, 6; id. 22, 16 fin. —
    2.
    The divine, that which comes from God, nihil est divino divinius, Sen. Ep. 66, 11.—
    3.
    That which is under the sanction of a god; hence: quicquam divini credere alicui; or simply: divini alicui credere, to believe one upon oath (ante-class.):

    numquam edepol tu mihi divini quicquam creduis, in, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40:

    quid ei divini aut humani aequum est credere?

    id. Poen. 2, 1, 20:

    nam mihi divini numquam quisquam creduat, ni, etc.,

    id. Bacch. 3, 3, 99; id. As. 5, 2, 4.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Divinely inspired, prophetic:

    aliquid praesagiens atque divinum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 38:

    animus appropinquante morte multo est divinior, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 30, 63; cf. id. ib. 1, 28 fin.:

    cum ille potius divinus fuerit,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1:

    divinarum sagacem flammarum,

    Sil. 3, 344:

    divini quicquam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 4, 5;

    also joined to humani,

    id. As. 5, 2, 4; id. Poen. 2, 20.— Poet. of poets:

    vates,

    Hor. A. P. 400; cf.:

    divini pectoris carmina,

    Lucr. 1, 731.—With gen.:

    divina futuri Sententia,

    Hor. A. P. 218:

    avis imbrium imminentium,

    id. C. 3, 27, 10.— Subst.: dīvīnus, i, m., a soothsayer, prophet = vates, Cic. Div. 1, 58; 2, 3; id. Fat. 8; Liv. 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 6, 114; Vulg. Deut. 18, 11 al.—In the fem.: dīvīna, ae, a prophetess, Petr. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Like caelestis (but far more freq. in prose), godlike, superhuman, admirable, excellent:

    ex maxime raro genere hominum et paene divino,

    Cic. Lael. 18:

    ingenio esse divino,

    id. Rep. 2, 2:

    magni cujusdam civis et divini viri,

    id. ib. 1, 29; cf.:

    caelestes divinaeque legiones,

    id. Phil. 5, 11:

    senatus in supplicatione deneganda,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

    homo in dicendo,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 40: homo, Crispus ap. Quint. 8, 5, 17:

    orator,

    Quint. 4, 3, 13 et saep.:

    incredibilis quaedam et divina virtus,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

    fides,

    id. Mil. 33 fin.:

    admurmuratio senatus,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 16:

    memoria,

    id. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

    eloquentia M. Tullii,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7:

    facultas eloquendi,

    id. 10, 1, 81:

    ille nitor loquendi,

    id. ib. 83:

    illa ironia,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 70:

    haec in te, Sulpici, divina sunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 29 et saep.—In the comp.:

    ratione nihil est in homine divinius,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 13 fin.; id. Par. 1, 3, 14. Under the empire an epithet often bestowed on the emperors:

    domus,

    Phaedr. 5, 8, 38:

    princeps,

    Nazar. Pan. Const. Aug. 35, 3; cf. Inscr. Orell. 277; 339:

    indulgentia,

    Dig. 1, 4, 3 et saep.— Adv.: dīvīne.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) In a godlike manner, through godlike power:

    nunc tu divine fac huc assis Sosia,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 21.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II.)
    a.
    By divine inspiration, prophetically:

    plura divine praesensa et praedicta reperiri,

    Cic. Div. 1, 55; id. Att. 10, 4; and in the comp., id. Rep. 2, 5 Mos. —
    b.
    In a godlike, superhuman, admirable manner, divinely:

    divine Plato escam malorum appellat voluptatem,

    Cic. de Sen. 13, 44; Quint. 1, 6, 18; 11, 1, 62.— Sup. does not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > divina

  • 12 divinum

    dīvīnus, a, um, adj. [divus], of or belonging to a deity, divine (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    Prop.:

    divinae Matris imago,

    Lucr. 2, 609:

    numen,

    id. 1, 154; 4, 1233; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 22; id. Mil. 30 fin. al.:

    stirps,

    Verg. A. 5, 711; Ov. M. 2, 633; cf.

    semen,

    id. ib. 1, 78;

    and, origo,

    Liv. 1, 15:

    Pergamum divina moenitum manu,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

    non sine ope divina bellum gerere,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 31, 2; and:

    quasi divino consilio,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 4 fin.:

    stellae divinis animatae mentibus,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 15:

    divina studia colere,

    id. ib. 6, 18:

    animos hominum esse divinos, i. e.,

    of divine origin, id. Lael. 4, 13; cf.: hoc divinum animal (homo, shortly before: quasi mortalem deum), id. [p. 603] Fin. 2, 13, 40:

    aliquis instinctus inflatusque,

    id. Div. 1, 6 fin.; cf.:

    causa divinior,

    id. Fin. 5, 11, 33 et saep.:

    condimenta,

    enjoyed by the gods, divine, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 37:

    odor (Veneris),

    Verg. A. 1, 403; cf.

    decoris,

    id. ib. 5, 647:

    ars Palladis,

    id. ib. 2, 15 et saep.:

    divinissima dona, i. e.,

    most worthy of a deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 18: re divina facta, i. e., religious exercise, divine worship, sacrifice, etc., Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 13;

    in this sense res divina is very freq.,

    id. Epid. 2, 3, 11; 3, 3, 34 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 7; id. Hec. 1, 2, 109; Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 10; Nep. Hann. 2, 4; Plin. 18, 2, 2, § 7; Suet. Tib. 44 et saep.; less freq. in the plur. divinae res, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 81; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8; id. Div. 2, 10; Liv. 23, 11.—In plur. also in gen. for religious affairs, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 4; 6, 21, 1; Cic. Div. 1, 4 fin. —Also verba, a form of prayer, Cato R. R. 14, 3:

    religiones (opp. fides humana),

    Liv. 9, 9; cf. id. 34, 31.—
    B.
    Freq. connected with humanus as a stronger designation for all things, things of every kind, etc. (cf.: di hominesque under deus, I. B. fin.):

    dedunt se, divina humanaque omnia,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 102; cf. id. Trin. 2, 4, 78; Liv. 9, 14; Suet. Caes. 84:

    res,

    Cic. Lael. 6:

    jura,

    id. Rosc. Am. 23 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.:

    scelera,

    Liv. 3, 19; cf. id. 29, 18 fin.:

    spes,

    id. 10, 40 et saep. But in the explanation of philosophia by scientia divinarum humanarumque rerum, the term divinae res denotes nature, physics, as distinguished from humanae res, i. e. morals, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7; 4, 26, 57; id. Off. 1, 43, 153; 2, 2, 5; id. Fin. 2, 12, 37; Sen. Ep. 88; 90; Quint. 12, 2, 8; 20 al.; cf. Cic. Or. 34; Quint. 10, 1, 35.—So too in jurid. lang., divinae res signifies natural laws, in opp. to humanae res, positive laws, Cic. Sest. 42, 91; Just. Inst. 1, 1; Dig. 1, 1, 10.— dīvīnum, i, n.,
    1.
    The deity, to theion:

    divina si faverint,

    God willing, Pall. 1, 1, 2; Juv. 15, 144; Amm. 23, 6; id. 22, 16 fin. —
    2.
    The divine, that which comes from God, nihil est divino divinius, Sen. Ep. 66, 11.—
    3.
    That which is under the sanction of a god; hence: quicquam divini credere alicui; or simply: divini alicui credere, to believe one upon oath (ante-class.):

    numquam edepol tu mihi divini quicquam creduis, in, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40:

    quid ei divini aut humani aequum est credere?

    id. Poen. 2, 1, 20:

    nam mihi divini numquam quisquam creduat, ni, etc.,

    id. Bacch. 3, 3, 99; id. As. 5, 2, 4.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Divinely inspired, prophetic:

    aliquid praesagiens atque divinum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 38:

    animus appropinquante morte multo est divinior, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 30, 63; cf. id. ib. 1, 28 fin.:

    cum ille potius divinus fuerit,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1:

    divinarum sagacem flammarum,

    Sil. 3, 344:

    divini quicquam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 4, 5;

    also joined to humani,

    id. As. 5, 2, 4; id. Poen. 2, 20.— Poet. of poets:

    vates,

    Hor. A. P. 400; cf.:

    divini pectoris carmina,

    Lucr. 1, 731.—With gen.:

    divina futuri Sententia,

    Hor. A. P. 218:

    avis imbrium imminentium,

    id. C. 3, 27, 10.— Subst.: dīvīnus, i, m., a soothsayer, prophet = vates, Cic. Div. 1, 58; 2, 3; id. Fat. 8; Liv. 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 6, 114; Vulg. Deut. 18, 11 al.—In the fem.: dīvīna, ae, a prophetess, Petr. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Like caelestis (but far more freq. in prose), godlike, superhuman, admirable, excellent:

    ex maxime raro genere hominum et paene divino,

    Cic. Lael. 18:

    ingenio esse divino,

    id. Rep. 2, 2:

    magni cujusdam civis et divini viri,

    id. ib. 1, 29; cf.:

    caelestes divinaeque legiones,

    id. Phil. 5, 11:

    senatus in supplicatione deneganda,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

    homo in dicendo,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 40: homo, Crispus ap. Quint. 8, 5, 17:

    orator,

    Quint. 4, 3, 13 et saep.:

    incredibilis quaedam et divina virtus,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

    fides,

    id. Mil. 33 fin.:

    admurmuratio senatus,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 16:

    memoria,

    id. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

    eloquentia M. Tullii,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7:

    facultas eloquendi,

    id. 10, 1, 81:

    ille nitor loquendi,

    id. ib. 83:

    illa ironia,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 70:

    haec in te, Sulpici, divina sunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 29 et saep.—In the comp.:

    ratione nihil est in homine divinius,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 13 fin.; id. Par. 1, 3, 14. Under the empire an epithet often bestowed on the emperors:

    domus,

    Phaedr. 5, 8, 38:

    princeps,

    Nazar. Pan. Const. Aug. 35, 3; cf. Inscr. Orell. 277; 339:

    indulgentia,

    Dig. 1, 4, 3 et saep.— Adv.: dīvīne.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) In a godlike manner, through godlike power:

    nunc tu divine fac huc assis Sosia,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 21.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II.)
    a.
    By divine inspiration, prophetically:

    plura divine praesensa et praedicta reperiri,

    Cic. Div. 1, 55; id. Att. 10, 4; and in the comp., id. Rep. 2, 5 Mos. —
    b.
    In a godlike, superhuman, admirable manner, divinely:

    divine Plato escam malorum appellat voluptatem,

    Cic. de Sen. 13, 44; Quint. 1, 6, 18; 11, 1, 62.— Sup. does not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > divinum

  • 13 divinus

    dīvīnus, a, um, adj. [divus], of or belonging to a deity, divine (class. and very freq.).
    I.
    Prop.:

    divinae Matris imago,

    Lucr. 2, 609:

    numen,

    id. 1, 154; 4, 1233; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 22; id. Mil. 30 fin. al.:

    stirps,

    Verg. A. 5, 711; Ov. M. 2, 633; cf.

    semen,

    id. ib. 1, 78;

    and, origo,

    Liv. 1, 15:

    Pergamum divina moenitum manu,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

    non sine ope divina bellum gerere,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 31, 2; and:

    quasi divino consilio,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 4 fin.:

    stellae divinis animatae mentibus,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 15:

    divina studia colere,

    id. ib. 6, 18:

    animos hominum esse divinos, i. e.,

    of divine origin, id. Lael. 4, 13; cf.: hoc divinum animal (homo, shortly before: quasi mortalem deum), id. [p. 603] Fin. 2, 13, 40:

    aliquis instinctus inflatusque,

    id. Div. 1, 6 fin.; cf.:

    causa divinior,

    id. Fin. 5, 11, 33 et saep.:

    condimenta,

    enjoyed by the gods, divine, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 37:

    odor (Veneris),

    Verg. A. 1, 403; cf.

    decoris,

    id. ib. 5, 647:

    ars Palladis,

    id. ib. 2, 15 et saep.:

    divinissima dona, i. e.,

    most worthy of a deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 18: re divina facta, i. e., religious exercise, divine worship, sacrifice, etc., Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 13;

    in this sense res divina is very freq.,

    id. Epid. 2, 3, 11; 3, 3, 34 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 7; id. Hec. 1, 2, 109; Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 10; Nep. Hann. 2, 4; Plin. 18, 2, 2, § 7; Suet. Tib. 44 et saep.; less freq. in the plur. divinae res, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 81; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8; id. Div. 2, 10; Liv. 23, 11.—In plur. also in gen. for religious affairs, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 4; 6, 21, 1; Cic. Div. 1, 4 fin. —Also verba, a form of prayer, Cato R. R. 14, 3:

    religiones (opp. fides humana),

    Liv. 9, 9; cf. id. 34, 31.—
    B.
    Freq. connected with humanus as a stronger designation for all things, things of every kind, etc. (cf.: di hominesque under deus, I. B. fin.):

    dedunt se, divina humanaque omnia,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 102; cf. id. Trin. 2, 4, 78; Liv. 9, 14; Suet. Caes. 84:

    res,

    Cic. Lael. 6:

    jura,

    id. Rosc. Am. 23 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.:

    scelera,

    Liv. 3, 19; cf. id. 29, 18 fin.:

    spes,

    id. 10, 40 et saep. But in the explanation of philosophia by scientia divinarum humanarumque rerum, the term divinae res denotes nature, physics, as distinguished from humanae res, i. e. morals, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7; 4, 26, 57; id. Off. 1, 43, 153; 2, 2, 5; id. Fin. 2, 12, 37; Sen. Ep. 88; 90; Quint. 12, 2, 8; 20 al.; cf. Cic. Or. 34; Quint. 10, 1, 35.—So too in jurid. lang., divinae res signifies natural laws, in opp. to humanae res, positive laws, Cic. Sest. 42, 91; Just. Inst. 1, 1; Dig. 1, 1, 10.— dīvīnum, i, n.,
    1.
    The deity, to theion:

    divina si faverint,

    God willing, Pall. 1, 1, 2; Juv. 15, 144; Amm. 23, 6; id. 22, 16 fin. —
    2.
    The divine, that which comes from God, nihil est divino divinius, Sen. Ep. 66, 11.—
    3.
    That which is under the sanction of a god; hence: quicquam divini credere alicui; or simply: divini alicui credere, to believe one upon oath (ante-class.):

    numquam edepol tu mihi divini quicquam creduis, in, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40:

    quid ei divini aut humani aequum est credere?

    id. Poen. 2, 1, 20:

    nam mihi divini numquam quisquam creduat, ni, etc.,

    id. Bacch. 3, 3, 99; id. As. 5, 2, 4.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Divinely inspired, prophetic:

    aliquid praesagiens atque divinum,

    Cic. Div. 1, 38:

    animus appropinquante morte multo est divinior, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 30, 63; cf. id. ib. 1, 28 fin.:

    cum ille potius divinus fuerit,

    Nep. Att. 9, 1:

    divinarum sagacem flammarum,

    Sil. 3, 344:

    divini quicquam,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 4, 5;

    also joined to humani,

    id. As. 5, 2, 4; id. Poen. 2, 20.— Poet. of poets:

    vates,

    Hor. A. P. 400; cf.:

    divini pectoris carmina,

    Lucr. 1, 731.—With gen.:

    divina futuri Sententia,

    Hor. A. P. 218:

    avis imbrium imminentium,

    id. C. 3, 27, 10.— Subst.: dīvīnus, i, m., a soothsayer, prophet = vates, Cic. Div. 1, 58; 2, 3; id. Fat. 8; Liv. 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 6, 114; Vulg. Deut. 18, 11 al.—In the fem.: dīvīna, ae, a prophetess, Petr. 7, 2.—
    B.
    Like caelestis (but far more freq. in prose), godlike, superhuman, admirable, excellent:

    ex maxime raro genere hominum et paene divino,

    Cic. Lael. 18:

    ingenio esse divino,

    id. Rep. 2, 2:

    magni cujusdam civis et divini viri,

    id. ib. 1, 29; cf.:

    caelestes divinaeque legiones,

    id. Phil. 5, 11:

    senatus in supplicatione deneganda,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

    homo in dicendo,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 40: homo, Crispus ap. Quint. 8, 5, 17:

    orator,

    Quint. 4, 3, 13 et saep.:

    incredibilis quaedam et divina virtus,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

    fides,

    id. Mil. 33 fin.:

    admurmuratio senatus,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 16:

    memoria,

    id. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

    eloquentia M. Tullii,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7:

    facultas eloquendi,

    id. 10, 1, 81:

    ille nitor loquendi,

    id. ib. 83:

    illa ironia,

    id. ib. 4, 1, 70:

    haec in te, Sulpici, divina sunt,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 29 et saep.—In the comp.:

    ratione nihil est in homine divinius,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 13 fin.; id. Par. 1, 3, 14. Under the empire an epithet often bestowed on the emperors:

    domus,

    Phaedr. 5, 8, 38:

    princeps,

    Nazar. Pan. Const. Aug. 35, 3; cf. Inscr. Orell. 277; 339:

    indulgentia,

    Dig. 1, 4, 3 et saep.— Adv.: dīvīne.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) In a godlike manner, through godlike power:

    nunc tu divine fac huc assis Sosia,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 21.—
    2.
    (Acc. to II.)
    a.
    By divine inspiration, prophetically:

    plura divine praesensa et praedicta reperiri,

    Cic. Div. 1, 55; id. Att. 10, 4; and in the comp., id. Rep. 2, 5 Mos. —
    b.
    In a godlike, superhuman, admirable manner, divinely:

    divine Plato escam malorum appellat voluptatem,

    Cic. de Sen. 13, 44; Quint. 1, 6, 18; 11, 1, 62.— Sup. does not occur.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > divinus

  • 14 dīvīnus

        dīvīnus adj. with comp. and sup.    [divus], of a god, of a deity, divine: numen: stirps, V.: origo, L.: sine ope divinā, Cs.: animos esse divinos, i. e. of divine origin: religiones, L.: causa divinior: divinissima dona, i. e. most worthy of a deity: rem divinam facere, worship, T.: rem divinam ture ac vino fecisse, L.: rebus divinis praeesse, religion, Cs.: agere divina humanaque, religious and secular duties, L.: divina humanaque Divitiis parent, the whole world, H.: omnium divinarum humanarum rerum consensio, i. e. union in all interests and feelings: divina humanaque scelera, sacrilege and outrage, L.: rerum divinarum et humanarum scientia, physics and morals: divinum ius et humanum, natural and positive law: (homines) soli divinocum capaces, Iu. — Divincly inspired, prophetic: animus divinior: cum ille potius divinus fuerit, N.: vates, H.: poëta, V.: futuri Sententia, H.: Imbrium avis imminentium, H. — As subst m., a soothsayer, prophet: nescio qui ille divinus: divine tu, inaugura, L.: adsisto divinis, watch the fortunetellers, H.— Godlike, superhuman, admirable, excellent: genus hominum: legiones: fides: senatūs admurmuratio: quā (ratione) nihil est in homine divinius: domus, i. e. imperial, Ph.
    * * *
    I
    divina -um, divinior -or -us, divinissimus -a -um ADJ
    divine, of a deity/god, godlike; sacred; divinely inspired, prophetic; natural
    II

    Latin-English dictionary > dīvīnus

  • 15 macto

    macto, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form of perf. subj. mactassint, Enn., Afran., and Pompon. ap. Non. 342, 12 sq.), v. freq. a. [macto, kindr. to Sanscr. makh, mah; intens. māmahyata, to slaughter, sacrifice; maha, victim; the ct in macto like vectum from veho; hence],
    I.
    Within the religious sphere, to offer, sacrifice, immolate any thing in honor of the gods:

    ferctum Jovi moveto et mactato sic,

    Cato, R. R. 134, 2; so id. ib. § 4: pultem dis mactat, Varr. ap. Non. 341, 28:

    nigras pecudes,

    Lucr. 3, 52:

    lectas de more bidentes Cereri,

    Verg. A. 4, 57; Varr. ap. Non. 114, 27:

    mactatus vitulus concidit propter aras,

    Lucr. 2, 353:

    manibus divis mactata,

    id. 6, 759:

    mactata veniet lenior hostia,

    Hor. C. 1, 19, 16:

    mactata Polyxena,

    Ov. M. 13, 448:

    trecenti ex dediticiis hostiarum more mactati,

    Suet. Aug. 15:

    vite caper morsa Bacchi mactandus ad aras,

    Ov. M. 15, 114:

    suovetaurilia mactanda, Fronto de Fer. Als. 3 Mai.: se Orco,

    Liv. 9, 40:

    hostium legiones Telluri ac diis Manibus mactandas dabo,

    id. 10, 28; cf.:

    ruptores pacis ultioni et gloriae,

    Tac. A. 2, 13.—
    II.
    Beyond the relig. sphere.
    A.
    To present, reward, honor with any thing good or bad: Livius inde redit magno mactatu' triumpho, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 641 (Ann. v. 302 Vahl.):

    eos ferunt laudibus et mactant honoribus,

    heap honors on, extol, Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67 (also ap. Non. 342, 5); id. Vatin. 6, 14; id. Div. 1, 11, 18.—
    B.
    Far more freq. in a bad sense, to afflict, trouble, punish with any thing: illum di deaeque magno mactassint malo, Enn. ap. Non. 342, 15 (Trag. v. 377 Vahl.); Afran. ib. 16; Cic. Vatin. 15, 36; cf. without abl., Pompon. ib. 12:

    dotatae mactant et malo et damno viros,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 61; cf.:

    mactare malo adficere significat,

    Non. 342, 8:

    aliquem infortunio,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 14: faxo tali eum mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio, * Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39:

    hostes patriae aeternis suppliciis vivos mortuosque mactabis,

    pursue, punish, Cic. Cat. 1, 13, 33; cf.:

    divisores omnium tribuum domi ipse suae crudelissima morte mactaret,

    id. Harusp. Resp. 20, 42:

    aliquem summo supplicio,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 27:

    aliquem morte,

    id. Rep. 2, 35, 60:

    mactantur comminus uno exitio,

    Sil. 17, 500.—
    C.
    To kill, slaughter, put to death:

    hic mactat Ladona, Pheretaque Demodocumque,

    Verg. A. 10, 413:

    illigatas mollibus damas plagis,

    Mart. 1, 50, 24: haec dextra Lernam taetra mactata excetra Pacavit, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 22.—
    D.
    To magnify; trop, to extol, glorify, honor; esp. to glorify [p. 1094] honor a deity with sacrifices, to worship:

    Liberum patrem fanorum consecratione mactatis,

    Arn. 1, 24:

    puerorum extis deos manes mactare,

    Cic. Vatin. 6, 14.—
    E.
    Poet., to give splendor to a festival: lacte Latinas, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—
    F.
    Aliquem or aliquid, to overthrow, ruin, destroy, Cic. Fl. 22, 52:

    quorum ego furori nisi cessissem, in Catilinae busto vobis ducibus mactatus essem,

    should have been sacrificed, id. ib. 7, 16:

    perfidos et ruptores pacis ultioni et gloriae mactandos,

    to offer up, immolate, Tac. A. 2, 13:

    cum videant jus civitatis illo supplicio esse mactatum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 26: aut naves uram, aut castra mactabo, to destroy, Att. ap. Non. 341, 18.—Hence, mactus, a, um, Part., sync. for mactatus:

    boves mactae,

    Lucr. 5, 1339 (better referred to maco, q. v.).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > macto

  • 16 observantia

    observantĭa, ae, f. [observo], a remarking, noting, regard, observance.
    I.
    In gen.:

    temporum observantia,

    Vell. 2, 1063. —
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Observance, attention, respect, regard, reverence shown to another:

    observantia est, per quam aetate, aut sapientiā, aut honore, aut aliquā dignitate antecedentes veremur et colimus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 65:

    officia observantiamque dilexit,

    id. Balb. 28, 53:

    tenuiorum,

    id. Mur. 34, 71:

    amicos observantiā, rem parsimoniā retinere,

    id. Quint. 18, 59:

    observantia, quā me colit,

    id. Fam. 12, 27, 1:

    in regem,

    Liv. 1, 35:

    eadem pro libertis adversus patronos,

    Quint. 11, 1, 66.—
    B.
    An obedient observance; a keeping, following, performing of laws, customs, etc.:

    prisci moris observantia,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 7:

    juris,

    Dig. 1, 2, 2.—
    2.
    An observance of religious duties, divine worship, religion:

    fides Catholicae observantiae, Cod. Th. 16, 5, 12, § 54: religio et observantia,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 6, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > observantia

  • 17 res

    rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918;

    and in the middle of the verse,

    id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also logos, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).
    I.
    In gen.:

    unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi,

    Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536:

    in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur,

    id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.):

    versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor,

    Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54:

    rerum natura creatrix,

    id. 2, 1117:

    divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus):

    haeret haec res,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182:

    profecto, ut loquor, ita res est,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 19:

    haud mentior, resque uti facta dico,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 23:

    de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius,

    id. ib. prol. 110:

    in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā),

    Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:

    quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis,

    from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17:

    si res postulabit,

    the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:

    fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat,

    does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84; so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—
    B.
    With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.:

    illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit,

    is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171; so,

    res mala,

    a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.:

    bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas,

    circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45; id. Rud. 3, 3, 12:

    res secundae,

    good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9:

    res prosperae,

    Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1:

    in secundissimis rebus,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:

    adversae res,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73:

    res belli adversae,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    res dubiae,

    Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30;

    v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem,

    go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 37; id. And. 2, 1, 17:

    malam rem hinc ibis?

    id. Eun. 3, 3, 30.—
    C.
    With an adj. in a periphrasis:

    abhorrens ab re uxoriā,

    matrimony, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:

    in arbitrio rei uxoriae,

    dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61:

    rem divinam nisi compitalibus... ne faciat,

    a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato, R. R. 5, 4:

    bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,

    Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6:

    erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica,

    Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture:

    rei rusticae libro primo,

    Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. §

    19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

    navalis rei certamina,

    naval battles, Amm. 26, 3, 5:

    res militaris,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:

    rei militaris gloria,

    id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4:

    res frumentaria,

    forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7:

    armatae rei scientissimus,

    Amm. 25, 4, 7:

    peritus aquariae rei,

    id. 28, 2, 2:

    res judicaria,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31:

    res ludicra,

    play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180:

    uti rebus veneriis,

    Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4:

    res Veneris,

    Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —
    D.
    With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.:

    ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit,

    this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam:

    Ea res est,

    it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40:

    de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei,

    of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (melittônas) alii melittotropheia appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:

    sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13; cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4:

    quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

    quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem,

    every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30:

    nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito,

    nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96; cf.:

    neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf.

    also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit,

    id. Fam. 16, 4, 2:

    magna res principio statim bello,

    a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.:

    nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc.,

    the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.:

    scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma,

    the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. —

    Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:

    maxime rerum,

    Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.:

    maxima rerum Roma,

    Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508:

    fortissima rerum animalia,

    id. ib. 12, 502:

    pulcherrime rerum,

    id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49:

    dulcissime rerum,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—
    E.
    In adverb. phrases:

    e re natā melius fieri haud potuit,

    after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8:

    pro re natā,

    according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1:

    pro tempore et pro re,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

    factis benignus pro re,

    according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2:

    pro re pauca loquar,

    Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280:

    ex re et ex tempore,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3:

    e re respondi,

    Cat. 10, 8.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing:

    ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10:

    desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc.,

    id. Rud. 3, 3, 21: rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:

    rem fabulari,

    Plaut. Trin 2, 4, 87:

    nihil est aliud in re,

    in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    se ipsa res aperit,

    Nep. Paus. 3, 7:

    ex re decerpere fructus,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 79;

    opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5:

    non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

    qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt,

    id. N. D. 3, 21, 53:

    Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:

    quod nos honestum, illi vanum... verbis quam re probabilius vocant,

    Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9:

    eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri,

    id. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 15:

    vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality:

    haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur,

    Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so,

    re quidem verā,

    id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15:

    re autem verā,

    id. Fam. 1, 4, 2;

    and simply re verā,

    id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7:

    re verāque,

    Lucr. 2, 48; cf.:

    et re verā,

    indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—
    B.
    Effects, substance, property, possessions:

    mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam,

    Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 sq.:

    quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 27:

    rem talentum decem,

    id. Phorm. 2, 3, 46; Juv. 3, 16:

    avidior ad rem,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:

    rem facere,

    to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12:

    res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,

    id. Cat. 2, 5, [p. 1576] 10:

    qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset,

    id. Rab. Post. 14, 38:

    libertino natum patre et in tenui re,

    in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.):

    privatae res,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—
    2.
    Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.):

    res corporales,

    Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1:

    res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium,

    Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1:

    res sanctae,

    Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—
    C.
    Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal:

    res magis quaeritur, quam, etc.,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6:

    melius illi consulas quam rei tuae,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 98:

    haec tuā re feceris,

    to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46.— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.:

    quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua,

    is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113 (v. ago):

    si in rem tuam esse videatur,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:

    vide si hoc in rem deputas,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 19:

    quod in rem recte conducat tuam,

    id. Capt. 2, 3, 26:

    si in remst utrique,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 14:

    quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc.,

    useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1:

    tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

    Sall. C. 20, 1:

    omnia quae in rem videbantur esse,

    Curt. 6, 2, 21:

    ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant,

    Liv. 30, 4, 6:

    imperat quae in rem sunt,

    id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2:

    ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar,

    for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102: An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 Brix ad loc.:

    haud id est ab re aucupis,

    id. As. 1, 3, 71:

    haec haud ab re duxi referre,

    Liv. 8, 11, 1:

    non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc.,

    id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—
    D.
    Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account:

    eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias,

    Cato, R. R. 158, 2:

    hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc.,

    Lucr. 1, 172; cf.:

    illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111:

    patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39; cf.:

    quoi rei?

    for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43; id. Poen. 2, 3, 3.—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—
    E.
    An affair, matter of business, business:

    cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā,

    Cic. Quint. 4, 15:

    rem cum aliquo transigere,

    id. Clu. 13, 39. —

    Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo,

    to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.:

    famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.:

    quoniam cum senatore res est,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3;

    esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā,

    to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 39; 58. —Ellipt.:

    jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15. —
    F.
    A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa):

    ubi res prolatae sunt,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10:

    res agi,

    id. Men. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 4, 13:

    quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis,

    Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf.

    (prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum... rem an litem dici oporteret,

    Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf.

    also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula,

    Liv. 1, 32:

    de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118:

    pecunias capere ob rem judicandam,

    id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

    si res certabitur olim,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

    tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat,

    Dig. 3, 3, 12:

    rem differre,

    ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—
    G.
    An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere:

    res gesta virtute,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66:

    ut res gesta est ordine narrare,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 3:

    his rebus gestis,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

    res gerere,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

    rem bene gerere,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:

    comminus rem gerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

    res gestae,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251:

    adversus duos simul rem gerere,

    Liv. 21, 60:

    rem male gerere,

    Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74:

    in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum,

    Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.:

    rem agere,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82:

    ante rem,

    before the battle, Liv. 4, 40:

    cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant,

    Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—
    H.
    Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history:

    res in unam sententiam scripta,

    Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20:

    cui lecta potenter erit res,

    Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29:

    in medias res auditorem rapere,

    id. A. P. 148; 310:

    agitur res in scaenis,

    id. ib. 179; cf.:

    numeros animosque secutus, non res,

    id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12:

    sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus,

    Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199:

    litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

    Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

    res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae,

    history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—
    K.
    Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.:

    erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3:

    dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur,

    id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.:

    si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā,

    id. Fam. 4, 9, 4:

    egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere,

    id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

    quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent,

    Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155:

    commutata ratio est rei totius publicae,

    id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.:

    merere de republicā,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 40:

    de re publicā disputatio... dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc.,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

    oppugnare rem publicam,

    id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52:

    paene victā re publicā,

    id. Fam. 12, 13, 1:

    delere rem publicam,

    id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit:

    senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:

    ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi,

    id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init. —Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1;

    but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.:

    eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

    circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum,

    id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—
    2.
    Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.):

    hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet,

    Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

    nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse,

    Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28:

    parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt,

    id. 6, 41 fin.:

    Romana,

    Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.:

    ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti,

    Liv. 1, 28 fin.:

    Albana,

    id. 1, 6.— In plur.:

    res Asiae evertere,

    Verg. A. 3, 1:

    custode rerum Caesare,

    Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.:

    res sine discordiā translatae,

    Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —
    L.
    Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > res

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